The new state of Iraq became a British mandate against the wishes of its inhabitants. Nearly 17,000 men died from disease. It has been divided into chapters in this series. The British suffered over 85,000 battle casualties in Mesopotamia. The liturgical poem Megillat Paras ("Persian Scroll") by the emissary from Hebron, Jacob Elyashar, describes the siege of Basra by the Persians and the town's deliverance in 1775, when the Jewish minister of finance, Jacob b. Aaron, who had been captured, was released. Siege of Basra Iraqi paramilitary forces fire on British troops surrounding the southern port city of Basra. The City of Basra. Basra, Iraq's second largest city (population 1.7 million), is home to the country's main port and oil-export facility and its only point of access to the Persian Gulf. This chapter focuses on the UK’s deployment of explosive weapons during the Battle for Basra … Shiite militias and criminal gangs have long struggled for control of the local oil smuggling business, which they use to finance their activities and increase their influence. The Battle of Basra took place in Basra, Iraq, from March 25 – March 31, 2008, during the Iraq War. Topic 1: Basra Before the Offensive: The Rise of the Militias Basra province has long been the economic seat of Iraq, with the country’s largest oil reserves and only maritime access. According to the British forces, Basra became a military objective “in order to get humanitarian aid to civilians there”! The Siege of UK bases in Basra was conducted and maintained by the Mahdi Army in Basra for most of 2007. The Ottoman–Persian War of 1775–1776 was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Zand dynasty of Persia.The Persians, ruled by Karim Khan and led by his brother Sadeq Khan Zand, invaded southern Iraq and after besieging Basra for a year, took the city from the Ottomans in 1776. The Siege of Basra by N.D. Jayaprakash. The Battle of Basra was a battle fought in the beginning of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq following the Gulf War.The battle started after demoralized troops throughout Iraq began to rebel against Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime, in particular after a tank driver in Basra fired at a public portrait of Saddam Hussein. The Ottomans, unable to send troops, were dependent on the Mamluk governors to defend that region. The battle of Basra or the battle of the Camel is one of the greatest tragedies in the history of Islam. AOAV’s report A Tale of Two Cities explores the use of explosive weapons by UK and US forces in Basra and Fallujah respectively, 2003-04. 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