Napoleon defeated the Third Coalition at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805. etc.
After being appointed as the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Francis left for Hungary to fight against the Turks in June 1737. Francis I, (born Dec. 8, 1708, Nancy, Duchy of Lorraine—died Aug. 18, 1765, Innsbruck, Austria), Holy Roman emperor from Sept. 13, 1745; he was duke of Lorraine (as Francis Stephen) from 1729 to 1735 and grand duke of Tuscany from 1737. Kublai Khan, the ruler of China, was Genghis Khan’s brother. Following year, War of the Polish Succession broke out.
During the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–48), Maria Theresa, apprehensive for Francis’ life, refused his repeated demands to be allowed to defend her inheritance by leading the Austrian Army. Francis I of Austria started out as Emperor Francis II (Franz II), the head of the Habsburg monarchy and ruler of the Holy Roman Empire. His wife, Maria Theresa was devastated by his death. These arrangements were confirmed by the 1738 Treaty of Vienna. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Portret van Frans van Lotharingen (Frans I), RP-T-1948-380(R).jpg 3,866 × 5,804; 3.17 MB.
Family relations with Emperor Charles VI led to an alliance between Francis and Maria Theresa.
Following the death of Emperor Charles VI in October 1740, Maria Theresa succeeded her father as the female rule of the Habsburg dominion.
With this succession, peace was finally attained. The most notable affair was with Maria Wilhelmina, Princess of Auersperg. This page was last changed on 13 February 2019, at 21:28. Charles consented to it only on condition that Francis make the sacrifice required by the French in order to end the War of the Polish Succession, namely, the cession of Lorraine to Stanisław Leszczyński (Stanisław I), for whom the French had failed to secure Poland. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. France, Sardinia, and Spain simultaneously opened the war against Austria in 1733 (. In 1737, following the death of the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany, Gian Gastone, Francis succeeded as the Grand Duke of Tuscany.
As the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominion, Maria Theresa’s rule was challenged by Saxony, Prussia, France and Bavaria.
By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Joseph as the Holy Roman Emperor. Francis I, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany and of Jerusalem, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Lorraine, Bar, and Grand Duke of Tuscany, Duke of Calabria, in Silesia of Teschen, Prince of Charleville, Margrave of Pont-à-Mousson and Nomeny, Count of Provence, Vaudémont, Blâmont, Zütphen, Saarwerden, Salm, Falkenstein, etc. Later on, the family won the favour of Emperor Charles VI as well.
In 1738, he along with his wife, Maria Theresa travelled south to Florence. He, in fact, was content playing second fiddle to his wife. In 1735, the Treaty of the Vienna was signed which finally put an end to the War of the Polish Succession. When Maria Theresa succeeded Charles VI (Oct. 20, 1740), she immediately appointed her husband coregent. For the same, he moved to Pressburg.
When Prussia invaded the affluent province of Silesia in Habsburg, it led to the War of the Austrian Succession, a conflict which continued for nine-years. However, blessed with business acumen and natural instincts, he was of immense help and assisted Maria in the governing of the complicated Austrian dominions. He was buried in tomb number 55 in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna.
Francis I (Francis Stephen; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real power of those positions. Although nominally outranking his wife, Maria Theresa, archduchess of Austria and queen of Hungary and Bohemia, the capable but easygoing Francis always was overshadowed by her strong personality. Francis was raised in Vienna along with Maria Theresa. He is better remembered for his cultural interests. However, due to the untimely death of Clement, Francis was agreed upon as the future son-in-law after much consideration.
He had to give up on his dukedom of Lorraine and instead was to be made Grand Duke of Tuscany. …marriage of Maria Theresa to Francis Stephen, duke of Lorraine, the latter’s domains would be united with Austria’s, and French plans for the acquisition of Lorraine would be thwarted. 1730 signature of François I, Duke of Lorraine (future Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor).jpg 456 × 188; 16 KB. Francis, though shared equal power with Maria, played an inconsequential role in the working of the government. etc. Under the treaty, Emperor Charles VI agreed to the marriage between Francis and Maria only if Francis gave up Lorraine to Stanislaw Leszczyński. As such, in 1729, he succeeded his father as the Duke of Lorraine. During the war he was elected Holy Roman emperor after the death of the emperor Charles VII (the elector Charles Albert of Bavaria), who was one of his wife’s chief adversaries. Subsequently, he was made Master Mason.
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